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Such, my good sir, is the effect of well directedlabour, aided by skill, enterprise, and capital; andsuch are the means by which England continues toenjoy that elevated height to which she has attained.Yet, these advantages are not without their evils,and disadvantages. In the year 1688, (118 years ago,)Mr. Gregory King, an eminent political economist ofthe 17th century, estimated the national income at48 millions, on a population of 5,500,000 persons;now, it is estimated at 222,000,000l. in a populationof somewhat less than nine millions, in Englandand Wales. The incovenience we feel, is, that dis-soluteness of manners, and moral and criminaloffences, increase with the opulence of the country. Our poor, either wholly or partially, maintained atthe public expense, have been found, upon an accu-rate investigation, to exceed 1,040,000 persons, andthe whole annual expense, applicable to them alone,is somewhat more than 4,700,000l. a year, which ex-ceeds the whole revenue of most of the nations ofEurope, and is more than that of Denmark and Swe-den put together. In order, as far as possible, to counteract this gan-grene in the body politic, and to give energy andeffect to the industry of the country, and to contri-bute to its happiness and prosperity, I have publish-ed, this last Summer, a tract on the education of thepoor, which I send you, under cover. I know youwill read it with avidity, because it is not only asubject in which you have, on all occasions, verymuch interested yourself, but because it is treated ina manner somewhat new, while it contains manystrong points, calculated not only to excite attention, but, I trust, to be useful in America, and in everycivilized country. I am, at present, engaged in com-piling another work on the subject of the poor, whichis also treated in a manner different from other au-thors who have written on the subject. I hope, in acouple of months, to present it to the public, when I