| Lcnaf uri | http://id.loc.gov/authorities/subjects/sh85147016 |
| Organization name | Winnebago indians |
| Other names | Nipegon;Puant;Winebago;Ho-Chunk;Puans |
| Org type | Indian group |
| Bio notes | Nipegon, Puant, autonym Ho-Chunk. “Winnebago” is an exonym meaning “people of the stinking waters.” A Siouan-speaking people native to Wisconsin, Minnesota, and parts of Iowa and Illinois, the Ho-Chunk were first documented around the Green Bay area in 1634. Their population reduced shortly thereafter, likely the result of disease and intertribal warfare, thus encouraging intermarriage with (and adoption of cultural practices) neighboring Algonkian tribes. The Ho-Chunk fought against the Patriots in the Revolutionary War, and afterwards fought the fledgling US government in both Tecumseh’s Rebellion and the War of 1812. With the passing of the Indian Removal Act in 1830, they ceded much of their southern Wisconsin territory and moved north, but not without resistance, as their participation in the Winnebago (1827) and Black Hawk (1832) Wars shows. The Ho-Chunk then signed an 1837 Treaty ceding all Wisconsin territory, but frequently ignored the terms and returned to their old homes. Those that did relocate traveled to Iowa, Minnesota, North Daktoa, and finally to a Nebraska Reservation (1865), from which many eventually returned to Wisconsin. |
| Citations | https://www.mpm.edu/wirp/ICW-52.html ; https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ho-Chunk ; http://www.newworldencyclopedia.org/entry/Winnebago |
Jacob Lindley's Account, 1793
New York Yearly Meeting Committee on Indian Concerns Scrapbook
Life of Thomas Eddy